ืžื—ื‘ืจ: ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื—ื™ื™ื
ืœื”ืชื›ื•ืคืฃ ื‘ืจื•ื— – 11 ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ

ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืชโ€ฆ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื• ืžื’ืœื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืื ื• ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื™ื.

ื˜ืงืกื˜ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™, ืขืžื•ื“ 98

ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ืœืง ืžืื•ืฆืจ-ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ. ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืชื•ืš ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื” ืœื”ื ืื” ื”ื’ืกื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืžื™ื ื•ื“ื—ื™ื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ื”ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช, ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•. ื”ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืคื›ื” ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ืœืื™ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืืกืจ, ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ื•ืช, ื•ืื ื• ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืงืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืื™ื•ื ื–ื”. ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืฉื‘ื™ืจื™ื. ื ืคืœื ื• ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ืœืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžื•ื‘ืกื™ื. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืฉื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืจื”, ืืœื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืข.
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื™ืจื•ื ื™ื” ื”ื ืคืœืื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื—ืœืžื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื“ืจืš ื”ื›ื ื™ืขื” ืฉืœื ื• ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื ื• ื‘ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื ืฉืืจื ื• ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื” ื”ื•ื‘ืกื ื• ืœื’ืžืจื™. ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชื›ื•ืคืฃ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉื‘ืจ. ื›ืฉืจื•ื— ื–ื• ื ืฉื‘ื”, ื—ืฉื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืœื˜ืคืช ืืช ืขื•ืจื ื•, ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืชืงืฉื—ื™ื ื ื’ื“ื”, ื›ืžื• ื ื’ื“ ืกืขืจื” ืขื–ื”.
ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืืœื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื”ื ืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ืคืคื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื ื• ื—ืฉื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื’ืข, ื”ืจื™ื— ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื ื•. ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืืœื” ื ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ืื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื ื•.

ืจืง ืœื”ื™ื•ื: ย ื›ื•ื— ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ ืœื”ืชื›ื•ืคืฃ ื‘ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืชืคืขืœ ืžืžืฉื‘ื™ื”. ืฉื—ืจืจ ืื•ืชื™ ืžื”ื ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื™.

ย 

ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจืง

"ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจืง" ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื• ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื™ื•ืžื™. ื›ืืŸ ื ื—ืงื•ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืง ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื, ืžื” ืœืžื“ื ื• ืžื”ื ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœืžื”. ื–ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืคื™ื ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช, ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ืœื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืง, ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช, ืื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื ื™ ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื•ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ื—ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ื•.

ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื™ื™ื

ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชืžื›ืจื™ื, ื ื•ื•ืชืจื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ืžื™ืฉื™ื. ืงื™ื™ืžื ื• ื‘ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื” ืœืกืžื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ืฉืฉื™ืœืžื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœืžื” ื”ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืกื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžืขื’ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืช, ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืžืชื™ื ื• ืœื• ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ืžื™ืฉื™ื. ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžื—ืœื”.

ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื–ื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืชืงืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืฉืง ืœืกืžื™ื. ื ืคืชื—ื ื• ืœื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœืขืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•. ืืช ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœืช ื”ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืœื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื•. ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื• ื”ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ื›ืžื›ื•ืจื™ื ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ืช.

ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ื™ื•ืžื™

  • ื”ืื ืžืฆืื ื• ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืขื ื”ื›ื ื™ืขื” ืฉืœื ื•? ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื?
  • ื”ืื ื”ืชืคืขืœื ื• ืžื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื? ืื™ื–ื• ื”ืชืจืฉืžื•ืช ื—ืฉื ื• ืžื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืื™ืš ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•?
  • ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•?
  • ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื? ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืืœื• ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช?
  • ืื™ื–ื• ืงืฉื™ื•ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื? ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•?

ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ื‘ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช

ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช "ืžื›ื•ืจื™ื ืื ื•ื ื™ืžื™ื", ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื”, ืืคืœื™ื” ื•ืืฉืœื™ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื—ืœืžื”, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ื ืขื”, ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ, ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชื›ื•ืคืฃ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืื™ื ืœื“ืจื›ื ื•, ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉื‘ืจ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื” ืœื”ื ืื” ื”ื’ืกื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืžื™ื ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.

ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืœื”ืชืงื“ื, ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื•ื•ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ืœืœื ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืกืžื™ื. ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžื›ื•ื— ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืชื›ื•ืคืฃ ื‘ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ. ืฉื—ืจืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื”ื ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื—ืœืžื”.

ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ืจ

ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืงืฉื™ื, ืื• ืืฃ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืกื‘ืœื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื. ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืชื ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ื”ื ืื” ืจืง ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืกืžื™ื, ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ื ืช ื•ื”ืžืœืื” ื”ื ืื” ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•. ื—ืฉื ื• ืฉืื ื• ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื, ืงืฉื™ื ื•ืžื•ื‘ืกื™ื, ืืš ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื”. ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื• ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื ื•, ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชื›ื•ืคืฃ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ืฉื‘ืจ. ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืช ืืช ื”ื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื•ืช, ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื, ื”ืžื’ืขื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœื ื•.

ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชืคืขืœ ืžื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืœื”ืชืจื’ืฉ ืžื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ืคืคื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื” ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืจื›ื ื•, ื•ืื ื• ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžื›ื•ื— ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื ื•ืงืฉื•ืชื ื•, ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ.

ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช

ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ื” ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•. ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืคื›ื” ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœืžืืกืจ ืฉืœ ืื™ื•ื ื•ืคื—ื“, ื•ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืจื™ื. ืืš ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ื ื›ื ืขื•ืช, ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื ื•. ื ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืœื”ืชื›ื•ืคืฃ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืขืจื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ.

ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ืคืคื™ื ืœืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจืง ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืฉืจื•ื“, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ืœื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื โ€“ ื”ื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื•ืช, ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช, ื•ื”ื”ื ืื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื ื•, ืฉื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื™ื›ื•ืจ ื•ืื”ื‘ื”. ื–ื• ื”ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื–ื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.

ย 

ืคื•ืกื˜ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื